Chen Pi Drying
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Chen Pi Drying
Xinhui Chenpi, also known as Guang Chenpi, refers to the product made from the peel of tea branch mandarin cultivated within the protected geographical indication product area of Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, which is dried or dried in the sun and stored and aged for more than one year within the protected area. With the improvement of people's living standard, Chenpi is more and more sought after by consumers, and the market prospect is bright. However, Chenpi is mostly stuck in the traditional drying stage. Chenpi is dried in the sun, which is affected by the weather, and requires a large site for drying, which requires a large investment in site rent in this era of gold, and the loss of the site for drying is large, which can easily cause secondary pollution, and there is no way to guarantee the quality. Coal-fired, oil-fired and other high-energy, high-pollution drying equipment is strictly restricted or even banned. The output of Chenpi has not been able to be maximised, and it is increasingly urgent to find a new type of safe, environmentally friendly, energy efficient drying method to replace the original old drying method.
Springfield heat pump dryer is applied to the drying process of Chenpi.
Selection and acceptance of raw materials → fresh fruit peeling → baking until the peel is soft → peel turning and shaping → constant temperature drying → storage and ageing.
Drying trolley tray selection: trolley each layer is best to have a distance of 12cm, the tray should not be made of plastic, it is best to use 304 stainless steel or bamboo and wood frame, so that the heat radiation between the layer and layer will be better, will not cause the bottom of the material slow dry situation.
Raw material selection and acceptance: raw material selection of authentic "Xinhui mandarin", no disease, no pests, lustrous, good quality; fresh fruit skin: use a sharp knife from the bottom of the fresh fruit longitudinal division of two knives (do not hurt the flesh) is not separated from the 3 equal parts, peel off the flesh to leave the skin; high-temperature drying: the skin will be placed in the drying box, and homemade square The peels are separated in layers by a homemade square grid and dried at high temperature for 1 hour to make the peels soft; peel reversal shaping: remove the peels placed on the homemade square grid from the drying box and reverse the peels (the process of reversal should be taken care of gently, do not break the peels, keep the peels intact and ensure the yield); constant temperature drying: place the reversed peels evenly on the square grid and put them into the drying box. Pay attention to make the peel evenly heated, generally every 2 hours to change the grid once, the principle of change for the upper and lower front and rear, diagonal interchange; storage storage aging: the dried peel cooled into sacks, storage.
Chenpi drying process curve.
Drying good quality peel becomes yellow or reddish brown on the outer surface, yellowish white on the inner surface, rough, spongy, with meridians remaining at the base, and not easily broken. Chenpi drying is generally divided into three stages, the curve of which changes as follows.
The first stage is the high temperature heating stage, the drying temperature is 65℃ (no moisture discharge), the drying time is 1 hour, so that the peel is dried until it is soft, at this time the humidity in the drying room is about 85-90%, the drying reaches the predetermined time, you can touch the peel with your hand to detect whether it meets the requirements.
The second stage is the constant temperature drying stage, set the working temperature of the dryer to 45°C (the drying needs to be turned backwards before shaping), the humidity in the drying room is 60 to 70%, the drying time is 14 hours, the drying process should pay attention to transferring the grid to ensure that the finished product is heated evenly and the quality is consistent. At the same time, samples are taken for weighing to reach the target value.
The third stage is the low temperature drying and cooling stage, the temperature in the room is 30°C, the humidity is 15-20%, the time is about 1 hour, after drying and cooling the peel can be taken out, at this time the humidity is 13-15% (this stage can also be put outside the drying room according to the outdoor temperature and the actual situation of the material).
In general, the quality of the peel of the aged peel is close to 25% of the quality of the fresh peel, and the moisture content of the peel is about 13% for the finished product. Therefore, it is important to control the changes in temperature and humidity during the drying process. Drying for too long or at too high a temperature will result in excessive loss of volatile oils, hesperidin, vitamins and other nutrients from the peel, and overly dry peel will be dark brown or black, affecting its appearance and not easy to preserve. If the drying time is too short or the temperature is too low, the peel will be too soft and will easily become mouldy or even spoil during storage, affecting its medicinal and food value.
If the weather permits and a suitable site is available, fresh peels can be left to dry outdoors for a day after splitting, but it is important to ensure that no serious secondary contamination is caused. After drying, the peel can then be subjected to a drying operation, which can shorten the drying time, generally taking only 9 to 10 hours.
In addition, the best time to pick the fruit is from mid-October to November each year, when the quality of the dried peel is better, while the peel picked too early is greenish in colour and generally needs to be killed at high temperature to ensure that the dried product is up to standard, usually by steaming in a 120° high temperature steamer for half an hour before being put into the drying room for drying. Once dried, the peel is placed in a sack and stored in a ventilated and dry storage room. It is also important to choose a sunny and dry day to take the peel out to dry (just take out the whole bag) to avoid moisture.
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